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- The
Topic:
- Incas
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- Easier - Incas are a
native South American people that once ruled one of
the largest and richest empires in the Americas. Their
empire covered much of present-day Ecuador, Peru,
Bolivia, and Chile and parts of Columbia and
Argentina. The Inca empire was conquered by invading
Spain in the 16th century.
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- Harder - In the 12th
century, conquering Inca tribes spread from the
mountains of Peru into the fertile Cuzco valley. By
the end of the 15th century, the Incas controlled a
huge empire. They numbered more than 10 million people
and covered 440,000 square miles (1,140,000 square
kilometers). Incas won these lands with their powerful
armies, then strictly controlled their people with
efficient organization and communication. Incas
constructed a paved road system, irrigation canals,
and massive stone buildings and fortress temples. In
1532, the empire weakened by civil war and unrest was
overwhelmed by a small force of Spanish solders.
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- Ancient
Peru
- http://www.ancientmexico.com/peru/peru.html
- This visually rich site explores the art, culture,
and history of the Incas.
- Related Websites:
- 2) Art & Culture of the Incas http://www.theincas.com/
- 3) Incan Government and Architecture by J.
Friedman from Writings Collection http://mcjester.cjb.net/inca.html
- 4) Lost Empire by L. Clark from PBS NOVA
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/peru/worlds/index.html
- 5) Unraveling the Mysteries by C. Sherman from St.
Petersburg Times
- http://www.sptimes.com/peru/unraveling.html
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- Civilization
of the Incas (Grade 6)
- http://www.internet-at-work.com/hos_mcgrane/inca/eg_inca_menu1.html
- This student site provides a comprehensive
overview of the Incas.
- Related Websites:
- 2) Inca http://www.att.virtualclassroom.org/vc98/vc_68/Mesoamerica/Inca/index.html
- 3) Inca http://lsa.colorado.edu/%7Edepaula/webguide/inca1.htm
- 4) Incas http://www.fortunecity.com/millennium/lilac/3/incas.htm
- 5) Incas from Civilizations in America
http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/CIVAMRCA/INCAS.HTM
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- Incas
& Conquistadors by D. Bailey
- http://www.incaconquest.com/
- Learn of the mighty and mysterious Inca Empire
that ruled much of South America from 1438 to
1532.
- Related Websites:
- 2) Conquistadors - Peru from PBS http://www.pbs.org/opb/conquistadors/peru/peru.htm
- 3) Inca Expansion & the Conquistadors from
Ecuador Explorer
- http://www.ecuadorexplorer.com/html/inca_expanison__the_conquista.html
- 4) Inca Civilization http://www.cyberschool.k12.or.us/~hamill/history/units/indigenous/incahistory.htm
- 5) Life, Times and Execution of the Last Inca by
J.Q. Jacobs http://www.jqjacobs.net/andes/tupac_amaru.html
- 6) Pedro de Cieza de Léon: Chronicles of
the Incas, 1540 from Modern History
- Sourcebook http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1540cieza.html
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- Incan
Empire from Carmen Sandiego
Connection
- http://www.carmensandiego.com/products/time/incasc09/ebmain_c09.html
- Here you can read about the Inca people, rulers,
religion, calendar, and more.
- Related Websites:
- 2) Empire of the Incas by D.E. Ogburn http://www.millville.org/Workshops_f/Acker_Inca/inca.htm
- 3) Inca by K. Goehring http://www.snowcrest.net/goehring/inca/
- 4) Inca Civilization History
- http://www.allsands.com/History/People/incacivilizatio_svs_gn.htm
- 5) Inca Empire http://travelvantage.com/per_inca_emp.html
- 6) Incas http://travelvantage.com/per_inca.html
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- After visiting several of the websites
about Incas, complete one or more of the
following projects:
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- Create A Inca History Timeline.
Create a timeline that details the major
events of Inca history. Consider using a
database software and incorporating images
and your own drawings.
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- Complete An Inca WebQuest. Adapt
or follow the procedures found at these
webQuest sites:
- 1) Culture of the Inca from
Scholastic
- http://teacher.scholastic.com/webquest/socstudies/inca.htm
- 2) Inca Empire (Grade 5) http://www.loudoun.k12.va.us/schools/catoctin/5th/webquests/incas/
- 3) Quest to Save Machu Picchu http://coe.west.asu.edu/students/lfitzgerald/webquest.htm
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- Compare and Contrast Aztec and Inca
Culture. You may first want to visit the
companion eduScapes 42eXplore
project on Aztecs.
Identify ways in which these two cultures are
similar and ways in which they differ. Create
a multimedia presentation in
PowerPoint or HyperStudio that
details your findings.
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- Plan A Tour of the Inca Trail. Use
the websites to plan a tour of the major Inca
sites in Andes Mountains of Peru and South
America. Detail your pretend itinerary and
project a time frame for your visit. Estimate
the expenses for your trip.
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- Create A Model of a City Fortress.
Construct a model or diorama of a mountain
fortress inhabited by Inca people.
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- Create A Poster Celebrating Inca
Accomplishments. Identify all the
contributions or accomplishments of the Inca
culture. Incorporate these in a colorful and
informative poster display.
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- Websites By Kids For Kids
- Inca
(Section from The Andes, a1999 ThinkQuest
Junior Project)
- http://tqjunior.thinkquest.org/5058/inca.htm
- This project provides information about the Inca
culture.
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- Inca
(Reports from Kent School District)
- http://www.kent.wednet.edu/KSD/SB/Ancient/Inca.html
- This site contains elementary school student
reports and artwork on the Incas.
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- Incas,
Mayas y Aztecas (2000 ThinkQuest Internet
Challenge)
- http://library.thinkquest.org/C006206F/fotos%20incas_i.htm
- This site examines the history, art, culture, and
religions of three important civilizations: Incas,
Mayas and Aztecas.
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- Life
in the Andes (2001 ThinkQuest Internet
Challenge)
- http://library.thinkquest.org/C0126101/
- This project focuses on trekking the Inca trail in
the Peruvian Andes.
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- Project:
Inca (2000 ThinkQuest Internet
Challenge)
- http://library.thinkquest.org/C004980/index2.htm
- For centuries, the Incas ruled over their
mountainous realm in peace &endash; the same kingdom
was brought down to its knees by Spanish invaders
leaving behind nothing but cities built on perilous
precipices and ruins with foundations so solid, that
they have remained standing to this day.
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- More Websites
- Ancient
Inca Irrigation Works Restored To Raise Record
Crops by S. Litherland
- http://www.interlog.com/~ggh/peru.htm
- Learn how the agricultural practice of terracing
used by the ancient Incas is being revived to help
modern farmers in Peru.
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- Descendants of
the Incas by D. and E. Van Buskirk
- http://www.incas.org/
- Lean about the culture of Inca people living today
near the city of Cusco, once the capital of the Inca
empire.
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- Inca
from Minnesota State University - Mankato
EMuseum
- http://www.anthro.mankato.msus.edu/prehistory/latinamerica/south/cultures/inca.html
- Here is a brief summary of the dates, location,
population, and religious practices of the Inca
Empire.
- Other Related Webpages from EMuseum:
- 2) Inca (Quechua) http://www.anthro.mankato.msus.edu/cultural/southamerica/inca.html
- 3) Spanish Conquest http://emuseum.mankato.msus.edu/prehistory/latinamerica/topics/spanish_conquest.html
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- Inca
Architecture
- http://www.rutahsa.com/incaarch.html
- The essence of Inca architecture illustrates three
themes: precision, functionality, and austerity.
- Related Websites:
- 2) Inca from PBS NOVA Online http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/inca/
- 3) Great Wall of the Incas from Science
Frontiers
- http://science-frontiers.com/sf036/sf036p03.htm
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- Inca
Mummies: Secrets of a Lost World from
National Geographic
- http://www.nationalgeographic.com/inca/
- This site has great pictures, maps, and more about
this fantastic archaeological find!
- Another Websites from National
Geographic:
- 2) Andes Expedition: Searching for Inca Secrets
http://www.nationalgeographic.com/features/97/andes/
- 3) Ice Treasures of the Inca http://www.nationalgeographic.com/mummy/
- Related Websites:
- 4) Despite Their Rap, Mummies are Really Very
Chummy by J. Sanders from St.
- Petersburg Times http://www.sptimes.com/peru/mummies_rap.html
- 5) High Mummies by L. Clark from NOVA
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/peru/mummies/high1.html
- 6) Ice Mummies of the Inca from NOVA
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/peru/
- 7) Mystery of Inca Child Sacrifice from
Discovery Channel Canada
- http://exn.ca/mummies/Andes.cfm
- 7) Mummy Trove Found in Peru from BBC
News
- http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/1936023.stm
- 8) Search for Living Relatives of Inca Child
Sacrifices by R. Highfield, News Telegraph
http://www.dailytelegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2002/05/13/winca13.xml&s
- Sheet=/news/2002/05/13/ixworld.html
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- Inca
Trail by D. Szostak
- http://www.shsd.org/NewSite/middleSchool/Szostak/Inca%20Trail.htm
- Join a middle school teacher on his exploration of
Peru and the ancient Incan civilization that once
ruled there. Provides background information and
pictures of Incan cities and the Spanish influence,
especially Cuzco, Machu Picchu, and the Inca
Trail.
- Related Websites:
- 2) Cuzco - Capital of the Incas & Machuu
Pichuu http://newton.umsl.edu/~mway/trip.dec95/cuzco/
- 3) Inca Trail and Machu Picchu
- http://www.raingod.com/angus/Gallery/Photos/SouthAmerica/Peru/IncaTrail/index.html
- 4) Inca Trail to Machu Picchu http://www.ex.ac.uk/~RDavies/inca/
- 5) Qosqo: Inkas' Sacred Capital http://users.bestweb.net/~goyzueta/qosqo/
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- Llamapaedia
- http://www.llamapaedia.com/origin/domestic.html
- Learn why llamas were important to Incan
life.
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- Lost
Crops of the Incas from National Academy
Press
- http://www.nap.edu/books/030904264X/html/
- This online book highlights plants of the Andes
with promise for worldwide cultivation.
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- Machu
Picchu: How They Kept the Secret by G. Ziegler
from GORP
- http://gorp.com/gorp/location/latamer/peru/machu.htm
- Until its discovery in the 1911, Machu Picchu,"the
lost city of the Incas", remained forgotten for 400
years.
- Related Websites:
- 2) Machu Picchu: Crown Jewel in the Clouds
http://www.he.net/~mine/inca/
- 3) Machu Picchu, Home of the Ancients...
- http://www.shastahome.com/machu-picchu/guide.html
- 4) Machu Picchu Journey http://www.radix.net/%7Echinatom/mp.html
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- Talking
Knots of the Inka
- http://www.archaeology.org/9611/abstracts/inka.html
- This article is about a recently discovered
manuscript, supposedly dating from the 17th century,
explaining the function of the quipus, or knotted
strings used by the Incas for keeping records.
- Related Websites:
- 2) Quipu, an Incan Data Structure http://www.cs.uidaho.edu/~casey931/seminar/quipu.html
- 3) Quipucamayu http://www.spanish.sbc.edu/MMLatAm/Quipus.html
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- Quechua
- http://www.shef.ac.uk/q/quechua/index.html
- This reference site provides information about the
language that was spoken by the Incas and that is used
by millions of their descendants today.
- Related Websites:
- 2) Basic Quechua Lessons http://www.andes.org/q_index.html
- 3) Cultures of the Andes http://www.andes.org/
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- Websites For Teachers
- Achievements
and Challenges of Peru
- http://www.worldtrek.org/odyssey/teachers/perulessons.html
- This unit is intended to focus on some of those
aspects of Peruvian life and history that are of great
significance to understanding the people of Peru today
and their situation.
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- Civilization
of the Incas (Grade 6)
- http://www.millville.org/Workshops_f/Acker_Inca/www%20Inca%20Lesson.html
- This lesson directs students to students research
the ancient Inca empire as a social studies project.
Their project will integrate social studies, writing,
and research skills.
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- Inca
(Grade 7) from Houghton Mifflin Social
Studies
- http://www.eduplace.com/ss/hmss/7/laag/16.2.html
- This publisher's lesson plan site contains
activity ideas and a curriculum outline for learning
about the Inca culture.
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- Inca
Engineering from Newton's Apple
- http://www.ktca.org/newtons/14/incaengineer06.html
- Stone structures, road systems, agricultural
terraces, and irrigation systems built in 1450 - 1540
A.D. by Incan engineers speak eloquently of a highly
developed culture. The precisely carved, carefully
fitted stones required no mortar, yet have withstood
500 years of weather and earthquakes.
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- Inca
Expansionism (Grades 10-12) by B. Turpen,
Oklahoma School of Science and Math
- http://ofcn.org/cyber.serv/academy/ace/soc/cecsst/cecsst157.html
- Students become familiar with some aspects of the
Incas while learning the skills associated with making
a map overlay.
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- Inca
Regime (Grades 5-7)
- http://www.montana.edu/4teachers/instcomp/multipleintel/incas/incas.html
- This lesson introduces students to the historical,
cultural, and geographical existence of the Inca
Culture in South America.
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- Land
of the Inca from National Geographic
Xpeditions
- http://www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions/lessons/01/gk2/landinca.html
- This lesson will introduce students to the ancient
Inca people and the land on which they lived. They
will learn basic facts about the Inca and be able to
show where they lived on a map. Students will also
look at pictures of the Andes mountains and Inca ruins
and discuss the geography of the area. Finally, they
will talk about how the Inca lived and compare the
Inca way of life to their own.
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- Created by
Annette
Lamb and
Larry
Johnson,
10/02.
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